Depression

Understanding Depression: Symptoms, Causes, and How to Get Help

What Is Depression?

Depression is a mental health condition characterized by a low mood or loss of pleasure or interest in activities for an extended period. It can lead to emotional and physical problems and may reduce a person’s ability to function at work, at home, or in relationships.

While it's normal to feel sad or down occasionally, clinical depression lasts longer and may require professional treatment.

Common Symptoms of Depression

Recognizing the signs early can help individuals seek timely support. Some of the most common symptoms of depression include:

• Persistent sadness or low mood

• Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed

• Changes in appetite or weight

• Sleep disturbances (insomnia or excessive sleep)

• Fatigue or low energy

• Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

• Difficulty concentrating

• Thoughts of self-harm or suicide

If these symptoms persist for more than two weeks, it’s essential to seek help from a healthcare provider.

What Causes Depression?

There’s no single cause of depression. It typically results from a complex mix of biological, psychological, and environmental factors:

• Biological: Genetics, brain chemistry, or hormonal imbalances

• Psychological: Trauma, stress, or personality traits

• Environmental: Isolation, poverty, loss of a loved one, or significant life changes

• Medical: Chronic illness, pain, or medication side effects

Understanding the root cause can help determine the most effective treatment.

Types of Depression

There are several different types of depression, including:

• Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

• Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

• Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

• Postpartum Depression

• Depression with Bipolar Disorder

Each type has unique features and may require a specific treatment plan.

How Is Depression Treated?

The good news is that depression is treatable, even in its most severe forms. Common treatments include:

1. Therapy

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

• Psychotherapy

• Group or family therapy

2. Medication

• Antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, etc)

• Prescribed under medical supervision

3. Lifestyle Changes

• Exercise

• Healthy diet

• Regular sleep schedule

• Reducing alcohol and substance use

4. Support Networks

• Talking with trusted friends and family

• Joining mental health support groups (online or in-person)

💡 If you or someone you know is experiencing a crisis, contact a mental health professional immediately or reach out to a local helpline.

When to Seek Help

If depression is interfering with your daily life, work, or relationships—or if you're experiencing thoughts of self-harm—it’s crucial to get professional support. Early intervention can significantly impact recovery.

👉 You're not alone. If you're struggling with depression or think you may be, reach out to a licensed mental health provider. Visit our Mental Health Resources page or contact us to learn how to get started.